Author Index

A

  • A, Tamilselvan Comparative study of numerical methods for singularly perturbed boundary turning point problems with mixed boundary conditions [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 609-628]
  • Abed Kadhim Aal-Rkhais, Habeeb Numerical solution of obstacle problem by using the mesh-free radial point interpolation method [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 929-942]
  • Abir, Kadi Finite-capacity $M/M/2$ machine repair model with impatient customers, triadic discipline, and two working vacation policies [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 183-200]
  • Afsharirad, Maria A mixed integer linear programming model for vehicle routing problem for non-complete graphs: Behshahr (Iran) case study [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 787-801]
  • Akbari, Mohsen A novel leading moving average indicator using ANFIS-Wavelet hybrid method for financial market forecasting [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 817-830]
  • Akrami, Mohammad Hossein Numerical study of a two-dimensional eco-epidemiological model with diffusion and convex incidence rate: Unconditionally positivity preserving method [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 983-1005]
  • Alipanah, Amjad Non-classical sinc collocation method for approximating Hallen's integral equation [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 593-608]
  • Allame, Masoud Numerical solution of obstacle problem by using the mesh-free radial point interpolation method [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 929-942]
  • Al-Musawi, Ghufran A. Finite element approximation of coupled Cahn-Hilliard equations with a logarithmic potential and nondegenerate mobility [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 49-68]
  • Arghand, Muhammad Legendre-collocation method to solve the second kind Cauchy integral equations [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 209-218]
  • Asadi, Esmaeel Lump wave dynamics and interaction analysis for an extended (2+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 17-32]
  • Asghari, Kayvan Application of fixed structure learning automata for designing intrusion detection systems [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 831-850]
  • Ashrafi, Ali Incorporating non-monotone trust region algorithm with line search method for unconstrained optimization [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 219-233]
  • Atta, Ahmed Gamal Optimal third-kind Chebyshev collocation algorithm for solving beam-type micro- and nanoscale BVPs [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 883-898]
  • Awad Nasser, Ahmed Numerical solution of obstacle problem by using the mesh-free radial point interpolation method [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 929-942]

B

  • Badakhshan, Fazel Dimension reduction by identifying and removing redundant variables using copula function [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 803-815]
  • Bagheri, Safieh Numerical study of a two-dimensional eco-epidemiological model with diffusion and convex incidence rate: Unconditionally positivity preserving method [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 983-1005]
  • Barid Loghmani, Ghasem Numerical study of a two-dimensional eco-epidemiological model with diffusion and convex incidence rate: Unconditionally positivity preserving method [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 983-1005]
  • Bouchentouf, Amina Angelika Finite-capacity $M/M/2$ machine repair model with impatient customers, triadic discipline, and two working vacation policies [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 183-200]
  • Boukhatem, Yamna Exponential decay for a general class of nonautonomous abstract semilinear evolution equations with time-varying delay feedback [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 235-249]
  • Brahim, Oukacha A numerical method for solving boundary optimal control problem modeled by heat transfer equation, in the presence of a scale invariance property [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 121-137]

C

  • Chattouh, Abdeldjalil On recovering space-dependent source term in a degenerate nonlocal parabolic equation [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 645-662]
  • Chellaoua, Houria Exponential decay for a general class of nonautonomous abstract semilinear evolution equations with time-varying delay feedback [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 235-249]
  • Chenini, Toufik Stability of the Kawahara equation with time-varying delay [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 429-443]

D

  • Daili, Nourreddine An improved inertial subgradient extragradient algorithm for pseudomonotone equilibrium problems and its applications [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 263-280]
  • Dewangan, Gunjan Generalized distributed-order fractional optimal control problem using Laguerre wavelet method [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 747-765]
  • Díaz Palencia, José Luis On the existence of non-radial normalized solutions for coupled fractional nonlinear Schrödinger systems with potential [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 357-373]
  • Díaz-Marín, Homero G. A bidirectional associative memory model with almost periodic endogenous and exogenous stimuli [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 33-48]

E

  • Eftekhari, Tahereh A novel and efficient operational matrix method for solving multi-term variable-order fractional differential equations [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 629-644]
  • Elango, Sekar Comparative study of numerical methods for singularly perturbed boundary turning point problems with mixed boundary conditions [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 609-628]
  • Elango, Sekar Non-standard finite difference scheme for system of singularly perturbed Fredholm integro-differential equations [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 865-882]
  • El Mourabit, Abdelmajid A new bilevel optimization problem for the image restoration [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 533-552]
  • El Mourabit, Idriss A new bilevel optimization problem for the image restoration [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 533-552]
  • Erdogan, Fevzi Solving a class of auto-convolution Volterra integral equations via differential transform method [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 485-496]
  • Erfanian, Majid A three-layered compartmental model of Nipah virus transmission with analysis [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 445-466]
  • Eskandari, Sadegh Feature selection via mixed-integer program and supervised infinite feature selection method [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 341-356]
  • Eskandari, Sadegh A prototype model for image authentication, tamper localization and image restoration [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 899-916]
  • Eyvazi, Hossein Accelerated DBSCAN via parallel, density-aware multi-objective genetic optimization [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 851-864]

F

  • Fahimi, Milad Analytical investigation of fractional SEIRVQD measles mathematical model [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 393-413]
  • Fakhri, Ashkan A polynomial mixed-integer linear programming model for two-dimensional guillotine strip packing problem [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 415-428]
  • Fallah, Somayeh A study of American options under stochastic volatility and double exponential jumps [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 467-484]
  • Fathi Vajargah, Kianoush Dimension reduction by identifying and removing redundant variables using copula function [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 803-815]

G

  • G, Janani Jayalakshmi Comparative study of numerical methods for singularly perturbed boundary turning point problems with mixed boundary conditions [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 609-628]
  • Gachpazan, Mortaza A three-layered compartmental model of Nipah virus transmission with analysis [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 445-466]
  • Getachew, Tegegne Lower bounds of spatial analyticity radius for Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation on the circle [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 201-208]
  • Gholami, Hossien A three-layered compartmental model of Nipah virus transmission with analysis [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 445-466]
  • Gilani, Alireza Legendre-collocation method to solve the second kind Cauchy integral equations [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 209-218]
  • Govindarao, Lolugu Non-standard finite difference scheme for system of singularly perturbed Fredholm integro-differential equations [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 865-882]

H

  • Harfash, Akil J. Finite element approximation of coupled Cahn-Hilliard equations with a logarithmic potential and nondegenerate mobility [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 49-68]
  • Heidari, Arezoo Legendre-collocation method to solve the second kind Cauchy integral equations [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 209-218]
  • Heydari, Mohammad Numerical study of a two-dimensional eco-epidemiological model with diffusion and convex incidence rate: Unconditionally positivity preserving method [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 983-1005]
  • Hilal, Khalid Nonlocal Caputo generalized proportional fractional integro-differential systems: an existence study [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 375-391]
  • Hoseana, Jonathan Modeling and optimization of the number of graduates in a multi-specialization study program [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 967-982]

K

  • Kajouni, Ahmed Nonlocal Caputo generalized proportional fractional integro-differential systems: an existence study [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 375-391]
  • Kanaujiya, Ankur Generalized distributed-order fractional optimal control problem using Laguerre wavelet method [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 747-765]
  • Karim, Beddek A numerical method for solving boundary optimal control problem modeled by heat transfer equation, in the presence of a scale invariance property [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 121-137]
  • Karim, Benalia A numerical method for solving boundary optimal control problem modeled by heat transfer equation, in the presence of a scale invariance property [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 121-137]
  • Karimi, Saeed An iterative method for solving the generalized total least squares problem [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 573-592]
  • Kazemi, Mohammad A novel leading moving average indicator using ANFIS-Wavelet hybrid method for financial market forecasting [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 817-830]
  • Kazemzadeh Gharechopogh, Hossein Is evaluation based on accuracy of classification algorithms misleading? An approach to model validation using Bayes error rate [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 917-927]
  • Kazemzadeh Gharechopogh, Hossein An analytical representation of bivariate isotropic stable density [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 563-572]
  • Kebede, Yimesgen Mehari Non-standard finite-difference scheme for singularly perturbed parabolic convection-diffusion problem with boundary turning points [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 85-103]
  • Kebede, Yimesgen Mehari Layer-resolving mesh method for convection-diffusion delay problems with boundary turning points [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 943-966]
  • Keykhaei, Reza Portfolio optimization under regime-switching with market path-dependent returns [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 497-518]
  • Khalili Golmankhaneh, Alireza Fractal complex analysis [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 695-704]
  • Khezerloo, Saeid Legendre-collocation method to solve the second kind Cauchy integral equations [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 209-218]

L

  • Lamei, Sanaz Dynamical behavior of a multi-group stochastic SEIR system with symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 767-786]

M

  • Madadi, Majid Lump wave dynamics and interaction analysis for an extended (2+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 17-32]
  • Madhumitha, Srinivasan A study on the existence results for neutral functional random integro-differential equations with infinite delay [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 675-693]
  • Mahamad haji, Rozhan Non-classical sinc collocation method for approximating Hallen's integral equation [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 593-608]
  • Marashian, Arash Iterative identification algorithm for tumor model using controlled ARMA model [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 69-83]
  • Mehrdoust, Farshid A study of American options under stochastic volatility and double exponential jumps [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 467-484]
  • Mehrpouya, Mohammad Ali Balancing efficiency and shortage costs: optimal production and inventory control in a distribution network [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 327-339]
  • Mirzaei, Mohammad Matin A prototype model for image authentication, tamper localization and image restoration [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 899-916]
  • Mirzaie, Seyed Hamzeh Incorporating non-monotone trust region algorithm with line search method for unconstrained optimization [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 219-233]
  • Moccari, Mandana Smoothing the absolute value equations by the component-wise analysis [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 251-262]
  • Mohamed, Boualem Finite-capacity $M/M/2$ machine repair model with impatient customers, triadic discipline, and two working vacation policies [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 183-200]
  • Mohammadi Peyhani, Hamed A novel leading moving average indicator using ANFIS-Wavelet hybrid method for financial market forecasting [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 817-830]
  • Mohammadpour, Adel Is evaluation based on accuracy of classification algorithms misleading? An approach to model validation using Bayes error rate [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 917-927]
  • Mohammadpour, Adel An analytical representation of bivariate isotropic stable density [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 563-572]
  • Mohapatra, Jugal An approximation technique for a system of time-fractional differential equations arising in population dynamics [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 519-531]
  • Mohapatra, Siba Prasad An approximation technique for a system of time-fractional differential equations arising in population dynamics [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 519-531]
  • Mostafazadeh, Mahdi Solving a class of auto-convolution Volterra integral equations via differential transform method [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 485-496]
  • Mottaghi Golshan, Hamid Dimension reduction by identifying and removing redundant variables using copula function [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 803-815]
  • Moujahid, Abdelaziz On Galerkin spectral element method for solving Riesz fractional diffusion equation based on Legendre polynomials [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 281-301]
  • M. Stamova, Ivanka Fractal complex analysis [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 695-704]

N

  • Namjoo, Mehran Improved feasible value constraint for multiobjective optimization problems [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 105-120]
  • Nassim, Touche Finite-capacity $M/M/2$ machine repair model with impatient customers, triadic discipline, and two working vacation policies [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 183-200]
  • Nath, Anasuya An approximation technique for a system of time-fractional differential equations arising in population dynamics [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 519-531]
  • Neamaty, Abdolali On $q$-fractional differential problem with parameter and $q$-derivative boundary conditions [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 663-674]
  • Noeiaghdam, Samad A study on the existence results for neutral functional random integro-differential equations with infinite delay [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 675-693]
  • Noroozi, Mohammad Feature selection via mixed-integer program and supervised infinite feature selection method [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 341-356]
  • Norouzi, Amirhossein A prototype model for image authentication, tamper localization and image restoration [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 899-916]
  • Nouar, Maroua On recovering space-dependent source term in a degenerate nonlocal parabolic equation [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 645-662]
  • Nouri, Kazem Analytical investigation of fractional SEIRVQD measles mathematical model [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 393-413]
  • Nuraei, Rahele Legendre-collocation method to solve the second kind Cauchy integral equations [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 209-218]

O

  • Osuna, Osvaldo A bidirectional associative memory model with almost periodic endogenous and exogenous stimuli [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 33-48]
  • Ouaoua, Amar Blow-up phenomena for a couple of parabolic equations with memory and source terms: Analytical and simulation [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 1-16]

P

  • Pérez-Núñez, Jhelly Reynaluz Analysis of a May-Holling-Tanner rate-dependent predator-prey model with an alternative food source for the predator with a weak Allee effect for the prey [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 302-325]
  • Pino-Romero, Neisser Analysis of a May-Holling-Tanner rate-dependent predator-prey model with an alternative food source for the predator with a weak Allee effect for the prey [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 302-325]
  • Pippal, Sarita Atangana–Baleanu–Caputo (ABC), Caputo-Fabrizio (CF), and Caputo fractional derivative approaches in fuzzy time fractional cancer tumor growth models [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 725-746]
  • Pourmahmoud, Jafar Evaluation of decision-making units using directional distance function with weak disposability in the presence of undesirable outputs [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 705-724]
  • Prince, P. Antony Non-standard finite difference scheme for system of singularly perturbed Fredholm integro-differential equations [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 865-882]

R

  • Radfar, Samaneh Evaluation of decision-making units using directional distance function with weak disposability in the presence of undesirable outputs [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 705-724]
  • Raghavendran, Prabakaran A study on the existence results for neutral functional random integro-differential equations with infinite delay [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 675-693]
  • Rahpeymaii, Farzad An iterative method based on Simpson's $3/8$ rule to solve absolute value equations [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 553-562]
  • Rajaei, Ali Accelerated DBSCAN via parallel, density-aware multi-objective genetic optimization [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 851-864]
  • Rashidinia, ‎Jalil A novel and efficient operational matrix method for solving multi-term variable-order fractional differential equations [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 629-644]
  • Razminia, Abolhassan Iterative identification algorithm for tumor model using controlled ARMA model [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 69-83]
  • Rodríguez-López, Rosana Fractal complex analysis [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 695-704]
  • Romero-Ordoñez, Marco Antonio Analysis of a May-Holling-Tanner rate-dependent predator-prey model with an alternative food source for the predator with a weak Allee effect for the prey [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 302-325]
  • Rostami, Majid An iterative method based on Simpson's $3/8$ rule to solve absolute value equations [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 553-562]

S

  • Saadatmandi, Abbas A novel fractional Bernoulli-Picard iteration method to solve fractional differential equations [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 139-152]
  • Sadeghi, Kiavash Hossein Iterative identification algorithm for tumor model using controlled ARMA model [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 69-83]
  • Saffari, Mohammad Balancing efficiency and shortage costs: optimal production and inventory control in a distribution network [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 327-339]
  • Salahi, Maziar Feature selection via mixed-integer program and supervised infinite feature selection method [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 341-356]
  • Salmei, Hossein Improved feasible value constraint for multiobjective optimization problems [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 105-120]
  • Sati, Jasmine Atangana–Baleanu–Caputo (ABC), Caputo-Fabrizio (CF), and Caputo fractional derivative approaches in fuzzy time fractional cancer tumor growth models [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 725-746]
  • Shahabi, Fateme On $q$-fractional differential problem with parameter and $q$-derivative boundary conditions [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 663-674]
  • Shahmorad, Sedaghat Solving a class of auto-convolution Volterra integral equations via differential transform method [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 485-496]
  • Singh, Akanksha Generalized distributed-order fractional optimal control problem using Laguerre wavelet method [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 747-765]
  • Singh, Amandeep Atangana–Baleanu–Caputo (ABC), Caputo-Fabrizio (CF), and Caputo fractional derivative approaches in fuzzy time fractional cancer tumor growth models [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 725-746]
  • Sundar Santra, Shyam A study on the existence results for neutral functional random integro-differential equations with infinite delay [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 675-693]

T

  • Tabatabaei, Seyed Amir Hossein A prototype model for image authentication, tamper localization and image restoration [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 899-916]
  • Tari, Abolfazl Solving a class of auto-convolution Volterra integral equations via differential transform method [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 485-496]
  • Tavassoli-Kajani, Majid Numerical solution of obstacle problem by using the mesh-free radial point interpolation method [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 929-942]
  • Tharmalingam, Gunasekar A study on the existence results for neutral functional random integro-differential equations with infinite delay [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 675-693]
  • Timimoun, Chahnaz Zakia Stability of the Kawahara equation with time-varying delay [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 429-443]
  • Tiruneh, Awoke Andargie Non-standard finite-difference scheme for singularly perturbed parabolic convection-diffusion problem with boundary turning points [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 85-103]
  • Tiruneh, Awoke Andargie Layer-resolving mesh method for convection-diffusion delay problems with boundary turning points [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 943-966]
  • Torkzadeh, Leila Analytical investigation of fractional SEIRVQD measles mathematical model [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 393-413]
  • Tsega, Endalew Getnet Non-standard finite-difference scheme for singularly perturbed parabolic convection-diffusion problem with boundary turning points [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 85-103]
  • Tsega, Endalew Getnet Layer-resolving mesh method for convection-diffusion delay problems with boundary turning points [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 943-966]

V

  • Velusamy, Raja Comparative study of numerical methods for singularly perturbed boundary turning point problems with mixed boundary conditions [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 609-628]
  • Villavicencio-Pulido, Jose; Geiser A bidirectional associative memory model with almost periodic endogenous and exogenous stimuli [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 33-48]

Y

  • Yaremenko, Mykola On the regularity theory for quasilinear elliptic systems with the application of Leray-Schauder method [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 169-182]
  • Yilmaz, Nurullah A novel class of exact penalty function approach for optimization problems with inequality constraints [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 153-167]
  • Youssri, Youssri Hassan Optimal third-kind Chebyshev collocation algorithm for solving beam-type micro- and nanoscale BVPs [Volume 13, Issue 4, 2025, Pages 883-898]

Z

  • Zakaria, Mouhssine On Galerkin spectral element method for solving Riesz fractional diffusion equation based on Legendre polynomials [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 281-301]
  • Zakipour, Fatemeh A novel fractional Bernoulli-Picard iteration method to solve fractional differential equations [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 139-152]
  • Zali, Bentelhoda An iterative method for solving the generalized total least squares problem [Volume 13, Issue 3, 2025, Pages 573-592]
  • Zeghad, Bochra An improved inertial subgradient extragradient algorithm for pseudomonotone equilibrium problems and its applications [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 263-280]
  • Zerbib, Samira Nonlocal Caputo generalized proportional fractional integro-differential systems: an existence study [Volume 13, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 375-391]
  • Zeytinoglu, Asuman A novel class of exact penalty function approach for optimization problems with inequality constraints [Volume 13, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 153-167]