University of Guilan Journal of Mathematical Modeling 2345-394X 14 2 2026 05 01 Mathematical model and hybrid meta-heuristic solution approaches for hub location problem with hybrid drone-airplane delivery mode 609 646 9269 10.22124/jmm.2025.31720.2857 EN Mehrnaz Mohebbi Shiraz University of Technology Hamid Reza Maleki Faculty of Mathematics, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran Sadegh Niroomand Shiraz University of Technology Journal Article 2025 09 19 This study addresses the integrated hub location and drone delivery problem, an area with few5<br />prior investigations. We propose a bi-objective integer linear programming model to minimize total cost and total drone route time. A novel three-zone structure allows drone transfers between zones via cargo planes, enhancing realism and complexity. Drone capacities are categorized as light and heavy, improving allocation flexibility. Due to the model’s complexity, several metaheuristic algorithms including Genetic Algorithm, Differential Evolution, Simulated Annealing, and their hybrid versions (SA-GA and SA-DE) are developed and compared. Parameter tuning is performed using the Taguchi method. Computational experiments on various instances show that hybrid algorithms outperform classical methods and scale effectively for larger problems, providing a practical and integrated framework for hub location and drone delivery planning. https://jmm.guilan.ac.ir/article_9269_5940ad57fb95609dea042874deb754db.pdf